A total of 22 (13 girls and 9 boys) patients,mean age was 5,9 years was followed with the diagnosis of pericarditis-pericardial effusion were retrospectively evaluated from January 2003-2007 at Behçet Uz Childrens’ Hospital. %10 of the patients have fever and respiratory distress, 6 of them additionally have productive coughing. Chest pain was the main complaint. 3 patients had malaise and 1 patient had dysphagia. Patients who were 3-24 months had feeding difficulty. Only one patient was attended with generalized edema. All patients went under hematological, biochemistry and microbiological evaluation all the telecardiograms shows the typical “water-bottle”. Electrocardiography and follow up were made with Spodic criteria, all of them have low voltage. Classification with echocardiography of pericardial effusion made with Horowitz criteria. Two of the four patients, microbiologically proved tuberculosis had constructive pericarditis and had pericardiectomy on follow up. Half of the 14 patients that underwent pericardiocentesis, have fibrinous pericarditis and three of them healed with antibiotics. Three patients with staphylolococcus aureus medical treatment was unsuccesful. Five patients have transuda. Serological Coxsackievirus was verified in one child. After surgical closure of an ASD, patient attended with respiratory distress had a very good result with pericardiocentesis and NSAID. A secondary pericardial effusion due to autoimmune hepatitis treated with pericardiocentesis. Two of the trisomy 21 patients with hypothyroidism have an excellent prognosis with medical treatment,only one of them with immunodeficiency managed with antibiotics is. Another patient with pulmonary hydatit cyst treated with mebendazole. A pericardial effusion in a SLE patient responds to steroids.