Objective: There are limited reports in respect to contrast induced nephrotoxicity (CIN) with non-ionic contrast media in pediatric age group. With advancement of interventional procedures and more use of these materials, more studies are demanding with regard to side effects. The aim of our study was to determine the side effects of Iopromide (group A) and Iohexal (group B) on renal function of children during cardiac angiography.
Method: In a prospective study on 80 pediatric patients with congenital heart diseases we investigated the renal side effects of Iopromide and Iohexol. Serum creatinine (Cr) was evaluated before angiography and then 12, 24 and 48 hours after the procedure.
Result: Among 40 patients (mean age 7.3 years) in group A (28 acyanatic, 12 cyanotic), 8 patients had rise of serum Cr more than 25% as compared with the baseline level in favor of CIN by definition. The mean dosage of contrast used was 2.9cc/kg which was more than recommended dosage (1.5 ml/kg). In (group B) among 40 patients (mean age of 7 years, 30 acyanotic, 10 cyanotic), 6 patients had more than 25% rise in their serum Cr on the following 48 hrs of study. The mean dosage of contrast used, was 4 ml/kg which was within the recommended range. Conclusion: Because CIN occurred in 17.5% of our study population, the possibility of deterioration of renal function in patients with compromised renal perfusion or renal tubular dysfunction should be considered with these contrast media.