Cardiac Hypertrophy in Adult Animals: Conventional versus Intermittent Adjustable Pulmonary Artery Banding
Objective: This study sought to assess two different methods of promoting right ventricular hypertrophy in adult animals for a 4-week period, by means of conventional or intermittent adjustable pulmonary artery banding (PAB). Methods: Nineteen adult goats were distributed into three groups: Control (n = 7, weight = 28.74 Kg ± 4.13, no surgical procedure), Conventional (n = 6, weight = 26.33 Kg ± 2.32, fixed PAB with umbilical tape), Intermittent (n = 6, weight = 25.07 Kg ± 2.48, daily 12-hour systolic overload with adjustable PAB device adjusted according to the volume injected or withdrawn percutaneously). In both groups the systolic overload was adjusted to achieve a 0.7 right ventricle (RV) / aorta (Ao) pressure ratio. Echocardiographic studies were performed on a weekly basis, while hemodynamic evaluations were taken three times a week. After 4 weeks, animals were killed for ventricular masses and water content assessment. Results: Intermittent group was submitted to a significant smaller systolic overload area, measured by RV / Pulmonary Artery pressure gradient over time (p=0.002). Echocardiographic findings revealed a 37,2% increase in the right ventricle wall thickness of the Intermittent group (p=0.001). Myocardial performance index was significantly lower in the Intermittent group compared with Conventional group (p=0,024). Both groups showed a increased RV mass when compared to the Control group (p=0.001). Water content was not significantly different among groups. Conclusions: Both PAB protocols were successful in inducing RV hypertrophy. Nevertheless, echocardiogram revealed a better myocardial performance index in the Intermittent group.
| Indexed Cardiac Mass (mg/Kg) | Control | Conventional | Intermittent | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Right Ventricle | 0,74 ± 0,07 | 1,08 ± 0,17 | 1,24 ± 0,15 | 0,001 |
| Left Ventricle | 1,59 ± 0,23 | 1,52 ± 0,21 | 1,47 ± 0,10 | 0,58 |
| Septum | 0,98 ± 0,09 | 0,96 ± 0,19 | 1,09 ± 0,12 | 0,24 |