Fluoride is an essential trace element. Fluoride is taken mainly by drinking water beside
various nutrition and beverages (e.g., tea, toothpaste, mouth rinse, drugs, fluoride containing salt, dust, etc.). Excessive intake of fluoride for a prolonged period can induce chronic fluorosis. A few studies was conducted to investigate effects of fluoride on cardiovascular system in human beings and animals.
In this study, we investigated the effect of sodium fluoride on cardiovascular system in children. Thirty-five children with dental fluorosis were included in this study. A pedodontist performed the oral examinations and study group was divided into two groups as mild-moderate (group I) and severe (group II). Twenty-six healthy children were included as control group. Written consents were taken. The medical histories were noted and physical examinations were performed. Blood samples were analyzed for renal functions, electrolytes, liver functions, lipid profile, and whole blood count. The fluoride levels in urine were measured by using the ion electrode method. Electrocardiography, echocardiography and 24–hour ambulatory holter monitorization were applied to all of the children.
We found statistically significant low T4, calcium and sodium levels, increased QT and QTc intervals in children severely affected with dental fluorosis (p<0.05). These results were same with the literature. No statistically significant difference was noted concerning electrocardiography, echocardiography and heart rate variability. We concluded that endemic fluorosis is a risk factor for hypocalcaemia, hypernatremia, low T4 levels and long QT. Patients with fluorosis must be controlled intermittently for these side effects of fluorosis.